The Research Conference on Social Neuroscience aims to contribute to the promotion of neuroscience in this country by facilitating discussion among researchers who conduct research activities related to the human social brain from novel points of view that transcend the boundaries between conventional disciplines. In order to provide researchers with opportunities to give presentations and engage in continuous discussion related to the human social brain, we have organized this research conference for the past 4 years. Every year, more than 100 researchers have participated in the conference; many posters were presented, and the discussions have been quite fruitful.